Charged Up with Sodium-state Battery Revolution : The Battery Breakthrough You Need to Know

Is Sodium state Battery has the potential to overcome the disadvantages of Lithium ion Batteries

 

Lithium-ion batteries can be replaced with sodium-ion batteries, which are safer. They are more cost-effective, last longer, and charge more quickly. Compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries are also more environmentally friendly.

The benefits of sodium-ion batteries are as follows

• Inexpensive raw materials
• An uncorrosive chemical process
• Extended cycle life
• Long charging durations won't result in deterioration, self-discharge, or damage
• Natural fire extinguisher

By the end of this year, sodium-ion batteries might be accessible for use in electric vehicle applications. They might lower the price of EVs and possibly increase their range. 

Low cost of material will bring down the Bettery cost ,thus the cost of EV will also law as compafre to Gasoline Cars of today.

Goodbye Lithium! NEW Sodium Ion 4.0 Battery Changes Everything in 2023!

Sodium Battery Technology

A battery's datasheet or specification sheet offers details on the battery. The following are some sodium-ion battery specifications:

Energy density: 290 Wh/L at the cell level and 100 to 160 Wh/kg.

Range of voltage: 1.5 to 4.3V

Power per kilogramme: 2 to 5 kW

Voltage range for use: 2.0-4.5 V

Applications requiring rapid charge and discharge are catered for by sodium-ion batteries. They have a five-minute charging time. For sodium-ion batteries, the average cell cost is $87/kWh.

A typical sodium-ion battery is made up of a separator, an electrolyte, a cathode, and an anode.

However, compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries have a lower energy density. Additionally, cobalt, which is frequently harmful, is being eliminated by researchers from the formulation.

In contrast to lithium-ion and lithium-salt batteries, sodium-ion batteries use sodium ions in the cathode and sodium salts in the electrolyte. Although they have been available for a while, extensive development was given up in favour of lithium-ion batteries.

Compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries provide a number of benefits, such as:

• lower price
• Improved safety features
• Comparable power delivery qualities
• Extended cycle life
• Quick charging
• A thrice longer lifetime

However, compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries have a lower energy density. Additionally, they don't have a reliable supply chain for basic materials, and the technology is still in its infancy.

Because sodium is present on every square inch of the planet, sodium-ion batteries are appealing. A lithium ion is over 25% smaller than a sodium ion, though. 

As sodium ions migrate from one end of the battery to the other, this tiny size difference may cause changes in the battery's volume. Additionally, sodium is less conductible than lithium.

mage taken from the article Daniel, C.; Besenhard, J.O. Handbook of Battery Materials; John Wiley & Sons: Weinheim, Germany

Sodium-State Batteries  will change the world

The possibility to power electric vehicles (EVs) with sodium-ion batteries exists. They work well in frigid temperatures, have a high energy density, and are nonflammable. Also inexpensive and plentiful is sodium.

Compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries have a lower carbon footprint and environmental impact. They don't need to be mined using the harmful environmental practises utilised for lithium or cobalt.

In the upcoming years, there will likely be a major rise in demand for sodium-ion batteries. Demand is anticipated to be 10 gigawatt hours in 2025 and up to 70 gigawatt hours in 2033. This expansion indicates an increase of around 27% every year.

Some Chinese automakers and battery juggernauts believe the technology is already ready for prime time. By, CATL intends to make its sodium-ion batteries in large quantities by 2023.Their first generation sodium-ion cells cost just $77 per kilowatt hour. The second generation is expected to cost just $40 per kilowatt hour.

Top manufacturers of sodium-ion batteries include:

• NGK Insulators Ltd.
• TIAMAT SAS
• HiNa Battery Technology Co. Ltd.
• Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Limited
• Natron Energy, Inc.
• Haldor Topsoe A/S
• Aquion
• Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Naiades
• Tiamat Energy
• Faradion Limited

A sodium salt is used to treat the positive electrode before it is combined with a negative electrode and electrolyte to create sodium-ion batteries. Compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries typically use less expensive materials.

Lithium-ion batteries' design and production processes are similar to those of sodium-ion batteries. Since sodium is less expensive and more commonly available than lithium, they are becoming more popular. 

They don't have the same energy density as lithium batteries, but they perform better in cold weather and probably have a higher capacity for charge/discharge cycles.

Research and development on sodium-ions is being actively pursued by a number of businesses, including Faradion, Tiamat (Europe), CATL (China), BYD, HINA, KPIT, NCL, and IIT Roorkee India.

Real world Application Sodium-ion Battery Technology 

A promising replacement for lithium-ion batteries is sodium-ion technology. They are less expensive, safer, and cleaner. 

They can operate effectively in harsh weather and charge quickly. Additionally, they are anticipated to outperform lead-acid batteries in low temperatures and have a longer cycle life.

Here are a few instances of sodium-ion batteries in actual applications

Energy Natron

The goal of this Silicon Valley business is to make sodium-ion batteries widely available. United Airlines and Chevron are some of its clients; the latter uses their batteries in EV charging stations.

Corporate China Three Gorges

In December 2022, this state-owned electric utility inaugurated the first sodium-ion gigafactory in the world in China.

Conclusion

For applications where cost is more essential than performance, sodium-ion batteries are a potential replacement for lithium batteries.

 They are an affordable, secure, and long-lasting energy storage solution. They are particularly well suited for stationary applications and energy storage systems because of their low cost and low energy density. 

They are also appropriate for storing renewable energy sources.

The benefits of sodium-ion batteries are as follows:

• a lot of power density
• Long battery life (often greater than 10 years)
• quite effective (up to 90%)
• abundant raw material availability
• potential cost savings
• higher energy density

Based on polyanionic materials, sodium-ion batteries offer an energy density ranging from 100 Wh/kg to 120 Wh/kg. They have a power density of 2 to 5 kW/kg, which permits a 5-minute charging period.